Answers to assignment 1
1) Amoeba
2) drones are male honey bees. They are haploid & contains 16 chromosomes. Sperms produced by drones is through mitosis.
3) yes, cell divisions involved in gamete formation is not of the same type in different organisms. For eg: in monera, algae & fungi, gametes are haploid & are produced by mitotic divisions whereas in humans, pteridophytes & angiosperms, the parent body is diploid & produces haploid gametes with the help of meiotic division.
4) sexual reproduction is helpful in bringing new variations in the organisms that is not possible using asexual reproduction. Hence these variations produced may help algae & fungi to cope up with adverse conditions.
5) a) three phases are vegetative or juvenile phase, reproductive phase & senescent phase.
b) in flowering plants, the vegetative propagules are the structure through which vegetative propagation takes place. Eg: of structures are runners, rhizome, sucker, tuber, offset & bulb. These structures gives rise to new offspring. The formation of these structures does not involve two parents. Rhizome is a modified stem which contains nodes from the nodes, it gives rise to new plant. Egs: ginger & turmeric.
Tuber is also modified stem, contiaing buds (eyes) which gives rise to a new plant. Eg : potato.
{ draw labelled diagrams of rhizome & tuber }
6) all organisms have to pass through juvenile phase before they can reproduce sexually.
7) Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce many progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods.[1]
2) drones are male honey bees. They are haploid & contains 16 chromosomes. Sperms produced by drones is through mitosis.
3) yes, cell divisions involved in gamete formation is not of the same type in different organisms. For eg: in monera, algae & fungi, gametes are haploid & are produced by mitotic divisions whereas in humans, pteridophytes & angiosperms, the parent body is diploid & produces haploid gametes with the help of meiotic division.
4) sexual reproduction is helpful in bringing new variations in the organisms that is not possible using asexual reproduction. Hence these variations produced may help algae & fungi to cope up with adverse conditions.
5) a) three phases are vegetative or juvenile phase, reproductive phase & senescent phase.
b) in flowering plants, the vegetative propagules are the structure through which vegetative propagation takes place. Eg: of structures are runners, rhizome, sucker, tuber, offset & bulb. These structures gives rise to new offspring. The formation of these structures does not involve two parents. Rhizome is a modified stem which contains nodes from the nodes, it gives rise to new plant. Egs: ginger & turmeric.
Tuber is also modified stem, contiaing buds (eyes) which gives rise to a new plant. Eg : potato.
{ draw labelled diagrams of rhizome & tuber }
6) all organisms have to pass through juvenile phase before they can reproduce sexually.
7) Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce many progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods.[1]
Micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant which does not produce seeds, or does not respond well to vegetative reproduction.
Important term to be used in this answer are : propagules which are Totipotent, callus formation, nutrients solution composition & formations of new offspring.
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